Easy2Siksha.com
   2024
/  
    
(1605  1849  )
 : 3   :50
:     ,           
            
-
1.       
2.  
           
-
3.          
4.          
-
5.  
       
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6.             ?
-
7.           
8.      ,       
   2024
/  
    
(1605  1849  )
 : 3   :50
:     ,           
            
-
1.       
:    ,            ,
  ,        ,  , 
          ;   ,      
                    
     
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                 
            ,    
                
                
                 
         ,       
              
  
󽇐    ' :   
  -            
    :
  (, , )
  (, , )
     ,        ,      
  :
   
  
        
     ,         
󽇐    -  
  ,    , ,           
 ,        : 
        :
- 
   , ,        , 
         :
      
 ,        
Easy2Siksha.com
    
      
  ,          
󽇐   
        1606         
 
      
      
  ,            , 
    
               ;  
,        
󽇐   
        :
   
  
    
               
 ,        ,         
   
󽇐   
           ,     
            ,  
  , :
  (1634)
  (1635)
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             
        ,          
  ,    
󽇐52      
              
                 
 ,                 52
         
    :              
  52       ,       
 -       
           ,  ,     
󽇐      
         ;      
     
  :


   
    
  
         
   ,         
󽇐    ' 
    :
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    
      
       
     
    ,         
       ,         

󽇐
               
     ,       
  -             , 
        
 -           
            ,     
          
2.  
           
:󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼
                  
           ,  (1621-1675) 
       ,       
                 
,              
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔  :          ,      
     ,     
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼  
 
   1621          ,   
 
  ,        ,    
         
Easy2Siksha.com
   ,           
1664 ,       ,     -   
   
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼 
17   ,            
      ,         
  
 ,       ,      

      ,  "  " (  )    
 
             
   ,       
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔                ,
          
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼
1675 ,             
            
   -  ,       -    
     
 ,                
,              
  
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔              
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼  
1.    
               
                
 ,             
                   
    
2.     
Easy2Siksha.com
             
        1699         -
       -    
                
  
3.     
          :   
      
               
      
         
4.    
             
   
            
               
   
5.     
        ,       ,  
     
   ,       ,    
 
            ,     
   
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼  
               
      ,          
 ,             ,    
               
          
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼
              
   ,             
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     ,     ,     
       
-
3.          
:      ,   17     ,
        ,        
  ,           
         ,         
               
         
  ,        ,        
    ,       ,     ,   
       ,    ,      
      
,         ,   ,     
               
                 
                 
       ,        
    ,         1675     
                  
     
      ,          ,  
                   
               
                 
          
          -      
     
 :  1699
Easy2Siksha.com
   13  1699           
 ,           ,   
   
                
             :
            ?”
            ,    
                   
       ,            
                  
      
-  ,      :
    
    
    
  ,  
               
  
       ,   ,     
      ,            
 
  ' '  -   -    
  
    ( )            
       ,           
    :
          
 ,        ,        
    ,     ,     
 
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                  
- ,            ,   
"",    
      ,     (    )    
   :
     
     
    
    
,       
                 
                 
         
  ' '
              ( )    
 :
1.   ,        
2.   ,     
3.   , ,      
4. ,       
5.   ,      
               ,  
      
    
            ,  
                
                 
               
                  ,  
                ,
              
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
           ,  
              ;   
             ,   
        , ,    
  
 ,        ,        
       
4.          
:󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼
 1699             
            ,   ,
               ,   
                  
 ,        ,       
        
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔  :              ,
         
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼 
17          ,    
     
 ,               
  
 ,               
    ,          
 1699    ,   ,        -
 ,       -   
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼 
   ( , , , , )           
    ,  ,         
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(  ):       
 ( ):    
 (  ):      
 ():    
 ():      
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔         ,         
       
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼    
1.  
                  
               
    
 ,             
  
2.  
  ,        
  ,      ,  ( )   
   
            
           - ,     ""
()     "" ( )     
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔                
3.  
              
       ,       
 
      ,        
    
4.   
     ,        
,         ,   
 
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            
       
5.   
    ""   ,       
               

            
6.  
  ,         
         ,        
             

7.   
           ,      
              
 ,          
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼  
                 ,
    : “      ,      
 ,          ,        , 
             
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼 
        ,   19   
             
          ,    
   ,          
       ,         
  
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼
                
  ,    ,          
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         ,      
          
-
5.  
       
: ,       ,      
      -      , ,  
               ;  ,  
                
                 
     ,        
   
        1670            
           ( )      
            ,      
 (
)    
     
 1708 ,   ,   ,         
  ,             ,   
                  
        -          
                
   
        :        
               ,   
     ,          
  
    
        ;     ,    
    
 
 
Easy2Siksha.com
 1709 ,                
                 
       ,    -    
         - ,      
-                
  : •           
      
         
  
       (1709)         
  ,            
                
                
 
                
    
       1710   ,      
                 
                   
  ,                
               
   ,               
  
   
      ,         - 
        
Easy2Siksha.com
                 
             ,    
   
      :
1.    
  ,             , 
                  
                
            
2.    
                 
              
3.      
    ,             
              
  
4.   
               
      ,        
     
         
                 
          ,     
       -       
 , 1715 ,     ,           
              ,    

Easy2Siksha.com
 1716                 
,                
             
   
          :
              
      ,      
               
               ,
          

             ;  , ,  
            ,       
,           
     ,         ,  
                
               
,        ,         ,  
             ,       
                 
       
6.             ?
:󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼
18       ,        
          ,      
     ,            
           ,      
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  ,      -       
       
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔  :                ,
               
 
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼  
1.   
          ""  ""   ,  
                   
    
2.   
1716        ,       
  
   ,        ,   - 
    
  -        
     
 
3.     
   12    ,    18      
  :
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    -         ,  
  
4.   
           
               
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         ,      
  
     -   ,      
      
5.     
            
   ,       
  -           
 ,          ,  19  
          
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔  :               
    ,        
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼  
1.   
      ""     ,     
             ,    ,
      
2.     ?
18           
   
             
              
                

3.     
       (        )
   
  ,         
   ,           
 
              
4.     
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:               
:        - 
:            
 :            
 
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔    :           
       ,           
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼    
1.  
             
              
2.  
           
          
3.  
       ,     
            ,   
     
4.   
            
                
 
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼
                 
   ,               
       ,          
    ,     
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7.           
:        ,          
;    
        19     
               -
,            ,   
                
         (    )
  (    )        
     
     ,        
     
                
  ,           ,
           
1.        
   ,          -  ,  
           ,     
                
   ,      ,     
2.     
              ,
              
   ,         ,     
      :
  
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    
  
        ,          
  
3.      
       ,       ,
                  
         ,  ,      
    ,        ,  
           
               
4.   
     ,     -    
         ,       
 
             
,       ,          
        
             
5.   
             , "   
      "
          
      
          
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     ,           
 ,       ,       
         
6.     
           
       
           
     
 -- ,         

           
7.  
       
         
         
          
, ,       
   ,      
 ,        ,      
     
      ,        
   ,             
               
1.       
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   ,          ,    
            ,   
      
     :
 , ,         
      
     ,    
    
 ,           
2.  
       :
)   ( )
   ,        
b)   ( )
 ,           
)  (  
)
               
     
3.    
    ,           
   :
      
   
  
      ,     
       
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4.      
                   
               
           ,       
             
5.      
         ,       
      ,         
          ,       
   

       ,       
          , ,     
    ,           
       
, ,        19      
                 
        "  "      
8.      ,       
:        ,         ,   ,
, ,             ,  
,               
    -  , ,  ,         
 
     ,          ,
,             
,                ,  
     ,            
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   
               , 
 ,  ,       
1.  
            ,   
           ,      
       
 :            
      , ,       
  :     ,       
 
       

 :           
       ,          

2.    
        ,           
                
,                 
-        ,  ,    
     
3.       
         :
    
    
      
      
, ,     
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   ,       , ,      
     
   
        , -,    
            
1.     
               ,    
     ,   ,          
  
 ,   ,              
 1699       ,        

2. ,   
      ,             
      ,             
 ,      
          ,       
        
3.   -   
             ,      
               ,   
       
4.  
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 -,  ,            
,          
    
        ,       
        ;  , , , ,   
      
1.    
     
   
   ,              
             
   
  
        ,       
        ,     
2.   
       ,         :
-
-
-
             , , ,  
               
 
3.    
        
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      
 ,          
            
          
4.    
          , :





               
,        
     -        
    
   :
    
      
   
    
     
      ,          

    ,            
  ,         ,       
          ,     
   ,             
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 ,   ,   ,    ,     ,   
                
             
       ,       